Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: CTRL
Cytogenetic location: 16q22.1 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 16:67,929,574-67,931,862 (from NCBI)
Guided by the identification of a CpG island in a 40-kb cosmid insert, Larsen et al. (1993) identified a cluster of 5 unrelated human genes on 16q22.1. One of these was located between the gene encoding the putative subunit of the proteasome complex (MECL1; 176847) and a protein serine kinase gene (177015). The sequence of the protein was compared to protein sequences in the SWISSPROT database and identified as that of a chymotrypsin-like protease (CTRL).
Reseland et al. (1997) cloned cDNAs encoding a chymotrypsin-like serine protease, which they termed CTRL1, from a human pancreas cDNA library. The open reading frame encodes a 264-amino acid proenzyme that contains a putative leader sequence of 18 amino acids. The sequence is 54% identical to that of human chymotrypsin B (118890). Northern blot analysis showed that the gene is expressed specifically in the pancreas. The substrate specificity of the mature enzyme was distinct from that of chymotrypsin B. The CTRL1 enzyme was active over a broad pH range. Because of its expression in pancreas and presence in intestinal fluid after stimulation of pancreatic secretion, Reseland et al. (1997) considered it highly likely that CTRL1 is a digestive enzyme.
Larsen et al. (1993) determined that the CTRL gene has 7 exons, covers about 2 kb, and is transcribed in the same direction as the LCAT (606967) and the MECL1 proteasome gene, from which it is immediately downstream.
Larsen et al. (1993) identified the CTRL1 gene on chromosome 16q22.1.
Larsen, F., Solheim, J., Kristensen, T., Kolsto, A.-B., Prydz, H. A tight cluster of five unrelated human genes on chromosome 16q22.1. Hum. Molec. Genet. 2: 1589-1595, 1993. [PubMed: 8268911] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/2.10.1589]
Reseland, J. E., Larsen, F., Solheim, J., Eriksen, J. A., Hanssen, L. E., Prydz, H. A novel human chymotrypsin-like digestive enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 8099-8104, 1997. [PubMed: 9065485] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.12.8099]