HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: ITIH2
Cytogenetic location: 10p14 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 10:7,703,316-7,749,520 (from NCBI)
The inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitors (ITI) are a family of structurally related plasma serine protease inhibitors involved in extracellular matrix stabilization and in prevention of tumor metastasis. The ITI family contains multiple proteins made up of a light chain (see 176870) and a variable number of heavy chains (Salier et al., 1987; Himmelfarb et al., 2004).
By screening a liver expression library with antibodies against ITI chains, Salier et al. (1987) isolated a partial cDNA encoding an ITI heavy chain. Diarra-Mehrpour et al. (1989) analyzed the in vitro translation product of liver mRNAs hybrid-selected by this partial cDNA, lambda-HUHITI(9+33), and determined that it encoded the H2 (ITIH2) heavy chain. Enghild et al. (1989) found that one ITI member is composed of the mature ITIH1 (HC1; 147270) and ITIH2 (HC2) heavy chains and a 30-kD subunit. Bost et al. (1993) stated that the 30-kD subunit is bikunin (see 176870).
By in situ hybridization, Diarra-Mehrpour et al. (1989) mapped the ITIH2 gene to 10p15. With a restriction fragment length variant (RFLV) in or near the equivalent of the human ITIH2 gene in the study of interspecific backcrosses between C57BL and Mus spretus, Salier et al. (1992) mapped the mouse counterpart (Intin-2) to the centromeric region of chromosome 2.
Bost, F., Bourguignon, J., Martin, J.-P., Sesboue, R., Thiberville, L., Diarra-Mehrpour, M. Isolation and characterization of the human inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy-chain H1 gene. Europ. J. Biochem. 218: 283-291, 1993. [PubMed: 7505744] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18376.x]
Diarra-Mehrpour, M., Bourguignon, J., Sesboue, R., Mattei, M.-G., Passage, E., Salier, J.-P., Martin, J.-P. Human plasma inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is encoded by four genes on three chromosomes. Europ. J. Biochem. 179: 147-154, 1989. [PubMed: 2465147] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14532.x]
Enghild, J. J., Thogersen, I. B., Pizzo, S. V., Salvesen, G. Analysis of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor and a novel trypsin inhibitor, pre-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, from human plasma: polypeptide chain stoichiometry and assembly by glycan. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 15975-15981, 1989. [PubMed: 2476436]
Himmelfarb, M., Klopocki, E., Grube, S., Staub, E., Klaman, I., Hinzmann, B., Kristiansen, G., Rosenthal, A., Durst, M., Dahl, E. ITIH5, a novel member of the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain family is downregulated in breast cancer. Cancer Lett. 204: 69-77, 2004. [PubMed: 14744536] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2003.09.011]
Salier, J. P., Diarra-Mehrpour, M., Sesboue, R., Bourguignon, J., Benarous, R., Ohkubo, I., Kurachi, S., Kurachi, K., Martin, J. P. Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding the heavy chain of human inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (I-alpha-TI): unambiguous evidence for multipolypeptide chain structure of I-alpha-TI. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 84: 8272-8276, 1987. [PubMed: 2446322] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.84.23.8272]
Salier, J. P., Simon, D., Rouet, P., Raguenez, G., Muscatelli, F., Gebhard, W., Guenet, J. L., Mattei, M. G. Homologous chromosomal locations of the four genes for inter-alpha-inhibitor and pre-alpha-inhibitor family in human and mouse: assignment of the ancestral gene for the lipocalin superfamily. Genomics 14: 83-88, 1992. [PubMed: 1385302] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0888-7543(05)80287-3]