HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: IPP
Cytogenetic location: 1p34.1 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 1:45,694,324-45,750,653 (from NCBI)
Chang-Yeh et al. (1991) cloned and characterized a novel cellular gene that is promoted by an intracisternal A-particle (IAP) LTR and expressed in the mouse placenta. They referred to it as mouse IAP-promoted placental gene (MIPP). From an 8-day-old mouse embryo cDNA library, they isolated a 1,067-bp cDNA clone containing an IAP LTR U5 region duplicated in its 5-prime terminus and an open reading frame coding for a potential 202-amino acid protein. Sequence of the 5-prime region of a genomic clone revealed the presence of a solo IAP LTR with the same U5 duplication, and primer extension analysis confirmed that transcription of the MIPP gene is under the control of the IAP LTR. Expression of the MIPP gene paralleled that of IAP genes in normal mouse tissues with abundant transcripts present in the placenta.
By examining the expression of the MIPP gene in other tissues of the midgestation mouse conceptus by Northern analysis, Mold et al. (1991) found that expression is confined to tissues derived from 2 distinct cell lineages, the trophectoderm and primitive endoderm. The MIPP-encoded protein is composed of four 48-amino acid units and shares homology with a vaccinia virus gene product. MIPP-related sequences were also found in several mammals, including the human genome. If the same placental-specific pattern of expression is seen in humans, an examination of the human IPP promoter could lead to important insights into the role of retroviruses in evolution.
Chang-Yeh et al. (1993) mapped the human gene to chromosome 1p32-p22 by PCR analysis of DNAs from somatic cell hybrid panels.
By study of restriction fragment length variations (RFLV) in recombinant inbred (RI) mice, Chang-Yeh et al. (1993) mapped the Ipp gene to distal mouse chromosome 4.
Chang-Yeh, A., Jabs, E. W., Li, X., Dracopoli, N. C., Huang, R. C. C. The IPP gene is assigned to human chromosome 1p32-1p22. Genomics 15: 239-241, 1993. [PubMed: 8432546] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1993.1048]
Chang-Yeh, A., Mold, D. E., Brilliant, M. H., Huang, R. C. C. The mouse intracisternal A particle-promoted placental gene retrotransposition is mouse-strain-specific. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 90: 292-296, 1993. [PubMed: 7678343] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.1.292]
Chang-Yeh, A., Mold, D. E., Huang, R. C. C. Identification of a novel murine IAP-promoted placenta-expressed gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 3667-3672, 1991. [PubMed: 1906605] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.13.3667]
Mold, D. E., Chang-Yeh, A., Huang, R. C. C. Cell lineage-specific expression of the MIPP gene. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 177: 1062-1067, 1991. [PubMed: 1905535] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(91)90646-o]