Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: S100A2
Cytogenetic location: 1q21.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 1:153,561,108-153,565,844 (from NCBI)
S100 proteins, such as S100A2, are small, acidic Ca(2+)-binding proteins that transduce Ca(2+)-signals via interaction with intracellular target proteins (Mandinova et al., 1998).
Using immunofluorescence analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopy, Mandinova et al. (1998) showed that S100A1 (176940), S100A2, S100A4 (114210), and S100A6 (114110) localized to distinct intracellular compartments in cultured human vascular and intestinal smooth muscle cells. Unlike the other S100 proteins, S100A2 localized primarily in the nucleus.
Engelkamp et al. (1993) established the physical linkage of 6 S100 genes by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. They stated that 4 of the S100 genes represented 'the tightest mammalian gene cluster discovered so far.' The cluster was assigned to 1p21 by in situ hybridization. The 2 other S100 genes, S100L and S100A, were located within 450 kb.
Schafer et al. (1995) isolated a YAC clone from 1q21 on which 9 different genes coding for S100 calcium-binding proteins could be localized. The clustered organization of these genes allowed introduction of a new logical nomenclature based on their physical arrangement, with S100A1 being the gene closest to the telomere and S100A9 the one nearest the centromere. In this nomenclature, S100L became S100A2.
Engelkamp, D., Schafer, B. W., Mattei, M. G., Erne, P., Heizmann, C. W. Six S100 genes are clustered on human chromosome 1q21: identification of two genes coding for the two previously unreported calcium-binding proteins S100D and S100E. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 90: 6547-6551, 1993. [PubMed: 8341667] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.14.6547]
Mandinova, A., Atar, D., Schafer, B. W., Spiess, M., Aebi, U., Heizmann, C. W. Distinct subcellular localization of calcium binding S100 proteins in human smooth muscle cells and their relocation in response to rises in intracellular calcium. J. Cell Sci. 111: 2043-2054, 1998. [PubMed: 9645951] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.111.14.2043]
Schafer, B. W., Wicki, R., Engelkamp, D., Mattei, M.-G., Heizmann, C. W. Isolation of a YAC clone covering a cluster of nine S100 genes on human chromosome 1q21: rationale for a new nomenclature of the S100 calcium-binding protein family. Genomics 25: 638-643, 1995. [PubMed: 7759097] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(95)80005-7]