Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: BRS3
Cytogenetic location: Xq26.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): X:136,487,947-136,493,780 (from NCBI)
Mammalian bombesin-like peptides (see 137260) are widely distributed in the central nervous system as well as in the gastrointestinal tract, where they modulate smooth-muscle contraction, exocrine and endocrine processes, metabolism, and behavior. They bind to G protein-coupled receptors on the cell surface to elicit their effects. Bombesin-like peptide receptors include gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (305670), neuromedin B receptor (162341), and bombesin-like receptor-3 (BRS3) (Ohki-Hamazaki et al., 1997).
Fathi et al. (1993) isolated and characterized human cDNA clones encoding BRS3. Expression studies in Xenopus oocytes showed that the gene encodes a functional receptor that is specifically activated by bombesin-like peptides. Gorbulev et al. (1994) detected BRS3 gene expression in the pregnant uterus, and Fathi et al. (1993) showed selective BRS3 expression in testis and lung carcinomas.
In an attempt to determine the in vivo function of the BRS3 gene product, Ohki-Hamazaki et al. (1997) generated Brs3-deficient mice by rendering male mice hemizygous for a deletion of the Brs3 gene by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Mice lacking functional Brs3 developed mild obesity, associated with hypertension and impairment of glucose metabolism. They also exhibited reduced metabolic rate, increased feeding efficiency, and hyperphagia. The observation suggested that Brs3 is required for the regulation of endocrine processes and metabolism responsible for energy balance and adiposity.
Gorbulev et al. (1994) showed that the BRS gene spans more than 4 kb and contains 3 exons.
Mapping studies conducted by Fathi et al. (1993) indicated that the BRS3 gene maps to the X chromosome. Gorbulev et al. (1994) mapped the gene to Xq26-q28 by PCR analysis of genomic DNA from human/mouse cell hybrids.
Fathi, Z., Corjay, M. H., Shapira, H., Wada, E., Benya, R., Jensen, R., Viallet, J., Sausville, E. A., Battey, J. F. BRS-3: a novel bombesin receptor subtype selectively expressed in testis and lung carcinoma cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 5979-5984, 1993. [PubMed: 8383682]
Gorbulev, V., Akhundova, A., Grzeschik, K. H., Fahrenholz, F. Organization and chromosomal localization of the gene for the human bombesin receptor subtype expressed in pregnant uterus. FEBS Lett. 340: 260-264, 1994. [PubMed: 8131855] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(94)80150-9]
Ohki-Hamazaki, H., Watase, K., Yamamoto, K., Ogura, H., Yamano, M., Yamada, K., Maeno, H., Imaki, J., Kikuyama, S., Wada, E., Wada, K. Mice lacking bombesin receptor subtype-3 develop metabolic defects and obesity. Nature 390: 166-169, 1997.