Alternative titles; symbols
Other entities represented in this entry:
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: EEF1B2
Cytogenetic location: 2q33.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 2:206,159,609-206,162,928 (from NCBI)
Eukaryotic elongation factor-1 (EF1) consists of 4 subunits, EF1-alpha (EEF1A1; 130590), EF1-beta, EF1-gamma (EEF1G; 130593), and EF1-delta (EEF1D; 130592). EIF-alpha-GTP transfers aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, and the release of animoacyl-tRNA from EIF-alpha-GTP is driven by GTP hydrolysis. EF1-alpha-GDP is recycled to EF1-alpha-GTP by the EF1-beta, -gamma, and -delta subunits (Sanders et al., 1996).
Sanders et al. (1991) identified a human EF1-beta cDNA by hybridization with a pig EF1-beta probe.
By immunofluorescence analysis, Sanders et al. (1996) found that EF1-beta, -gamma, and -delta showed a perinuclear distribution and colocalized with an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein in human foreskin fibroblasts. In contrast, EF1-alpha showed strong nuclear staining and diffuse cytoplasmic staining.
Using Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses, Cao et al. (2014) showed that EEF1B-alpha, -delta, and -gamma were widely expressed in human and mouse cell lines and tissues and at different stages of mouse development. Immunofluorescence analysis on sections of mouse spinal cord revealed that all 3 Eef1b subunits colocalized with Eef1a2 (602959) in neurons, and EEF1B-EEF1A2 colocalization was confirmed in HeLa cells.
Cao et al. (2014) showed that knockdown of each EEF1B subunit in human cell lines reduced cell viability, decreased the proportion of cells in S and G2/M phases, and increased the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase.
The EEF1B2 gene was mapped by Pizzuti et al. (1993) to chromosome 2 by PCR analysis of a somatic cell hybrid DNA panel.
Gross (2022) mapped the EEF1B2 gene to chromosome 2q33.3 based on an alignment of the EEF1B2 sequence (GenBank BC004931) with the genomic sequence (GRCh38).
Pseudogenes
From a cDNA library of human ovarian granulosa cells, von der Kammer et al. (1991) isolated a cDNA that appeared to code for human EF1-beta. The gene corresponding to this cDNA was mapped to chromosome 15 by PCR analysis of a chromosomal hybrid panel by Pizzuti et al. (1993). Chambers et al. (2001) determined that the gene isolated by von der Kammer et al. (1991) is actually a processed pseudogene on chromosome 15 corresponding to an alternative splice form of EEF1B2.
Two additional pseudogenes, previously designated EEF1B3 AND EEF1B4, were mapped to chromosome 5 and chromosome X, respectively, by Pizzuti et al. (1993).
Cao, Y., Portela, M., Janikiewicz, J., Doig, J., Abbott, C. M. Characterisation of translation elongation factor eEF1B subunit expression in mammalian cells and tissues and co-localisation with eEF1A2. PLoS One 9: e114117, 2014. [PubMed: 25436608] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114117]
Chambers, D. M., Rouleau, G. A., Abbott, C. M. Comparative genomic analysis of genes encoding translation elongation factor 1B-alpha in human and mouse shows EEF1B1 to be a recent retrotransposition event. Genomics 77: 145-148, 2001. [PubMed: 11597139] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2001.6626]
Gross, M. B. Personal Communication. Baltimore, Md. 1/14/2022.
Pizzuti, A., Gennarelli, M., Novelli, G., Colosimo, A., Cicero, S. L., Caskey, C. T., Dallapiccola, B. Human elongation factor EF-1-beta: cloning and characterization of the EF1-beta-5a gene and assignment of EF-1-beta isoforms to chromosomes 2, 5, 15 and X. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197: 154-162, 1993. [PubMed: 8250921] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.2454]
Sanders, J., Brandsma, M., Janssen, G. M. C., Dijk, J., Moller, W. Immunofluorescence studies of human fibroblasts demonstrate the presence of the complex of elongation factor-1-beta-gamma-delta in the endoplasmic reticulum. J. Cell Sci. 109: 1113-1117, 1996. [PubMed: 8743958] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.109.5.1113]
Sanders, J., Maassen, J. A., Amons, R., Moller, W. Nucleotide sequence of human elongation factor-1-beta cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 4551, 1991. [PubMed: 1886777] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.16.4551]
von der Kammer, H., Klaudiny, J., Zimmer, M., Scheit, K. H. Human elongation factor 1-beta: cDNA and derived amino acid sequence. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 177: 312-317, 1991. [PubMed: 1710449] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(91)91984-k]