Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: GLG1
Cytogenetic location: 16q23.1 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 16:74,447,440-74,607,114 (from NCBI)
Mourelatos et al. (1996) isolated and characterized human GLG1 cDNAs. The full-length cDNA encodes a predicted 1,179-amino acid protein that has a signal peptide, a proline- and glutamine-rich region, a cysteine-rich domain containing 5 potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites, a hydrophobic transmembrane domain, and a short carboxy-terminal tail. The proline- and glutamine-rich segment contains a polyglutamine stretch which is encoded by an uninterrupted exonic sequence of CAG-CAA repeats. Human GLG1 shows between 88% and 95% overall amino acid identity with rat Glg1, mouse Esl1, and chicken CRF. The authors detected 3 transcripts of 10, 5, and 3.8 kb in several human fetal and adult tissues by Northern blot analysis.
MG-160, originally isolated from rat brain, is a conserved membrane sialoglycoprotein residing in the medial cisternae of the Golgi apparatus of most cells (Gonatas et al., 1989). MG-160 appears early in the developing chick embryo and persists in most cells throughout embryonic development and in the adult animal (Mourelatos et al., 1995). The early appearance and ubiquitous presence of MG-160 suggested that the protein plays an important role in the biogenesis and function of the Golgi apparatus. MG-160 binds basic fibroblast growth factor (FGFB; 134920) and displays 90% identity of amino acids with CFR, a cysteine-rich receptor for several fibroblast growth factors that was isolated from chick embryos. Unlike the fibroblast growth factor receptors involved in signal transduction, MG-160 and its chick homolog, CFR, do not display the extracellular Ig-like repeats and the intracytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domains. In addition to CFR, MG-160 is highly homologous to ESL-1, a ligand for E-selectin (SELE; 131210).
Willmroth and Beaudet (1999) determined that the mouse Esl1 gene contains 27 exons and extends over 75 kb.
Mourelatos et al. (1995) localized the human GLG1 gene for MG-160 to 16q22-q23 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. If MG-160, as has been postulated, mediates the secretion of fibroblast growth factors, the chromosomal localization of the gene may facilitate understanding of the role of the gene in human disease.
By Southern blot analysis of an interspecific backcross panel, Willmroth and Beaudet (1999) mapped Esl1, the mouse homolog of the GLG1 gene, to chromosome 8, in a region showing homology of synteny to human 16q.
Gonatas, J. O., Mezitis, S. G. E., Stieber, A., Fleischer, B., Gonatas, N. K. MG-160. A novel sialoglycoprotein of the medical cisternae of the Golgi apparatus. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 646-653, 1989. [PubMed: 2909545]
Mourelatos, Z., Gonatas, J. O., Cinato, E., Gonatas, N. K. Cloning and sequence analysis of the human MG160, a fibroblast growth factor and E-selectin binding membrane sialoglycoprotein of the Golgi apparatus. DNA Cell Biol. 15: 1121-1128, 1996. [PubMed: 8985126] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1089/dna.1996.15.1121]
Mourelatos, Z., Gonatas, J. O., Nycum, L. M., Gonatas, N. K., Biegel, J. A. Assignment of the GLG1 gene for MG-160, a fibroblast growth factor and E-selectin binding membrane sialoglycoprotein of the Golgi apparatus, to chromosome 16q22-q23 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics 28: 354-355, 1995. [PubMed: 8530051] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1995.1156]
Willmroth, F., Beaudet, A. L. Structure of the murine E-selectin ligand 1 (ESL-1) gene and assignment to chromosome 8. Mammalian Genome 10: 1085-1088, 1999. [PubMed: 10556428] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s003359901166]