Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: CCL14
Cytogenetic location: 17q12 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 17:35,983,288-35,986,729 (from NCBI)
Chemokines are secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. By biochemical purification of a large volume of hemofiltrate, database searching, and probing of a bone marrow cDNA library, Schulz-Knappe et al. (1996) isolated a cDNA encoding CCL14, which they called HCC1. The 74-amino acid, 8.6-kD mature protein contains 4 cysteines and is 46% identical to MIP1A (CCL3; 182283) and MIP1B (CCL4; 182284), including 61% identity between the first and last cysteines. The deduced precursor protein has a 19-residue leader sequence. ELISA and Western blot analyses determined that, in contrast to other chemokines, HCC1 is expressed at high levels in hemofiltrate and plasma in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic renal failure. Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed expression in spleen, liver, skeletal and heart muscle, gut, and bone marrow. There was only faint expression in kidney and no expression in brain.
Functional analysis by Schulz-Knappe et al. (1996) showed that HCC1 has activity against monocytes, indicated by a rise in intracellular calcium in response to HCC1, which could be inhibited by MIP1A or RANTES (CCL5; 187011). HCC1 did not, however, induce chemotaxis by monocytes. Like MIP1A, HCC1 enhanced proliferation of CD34 (142230)-positive stem cells. It had no activity on T cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils.
Naruse et al. (1996) identified on chromosome 17q11.2 a cluster of chemokines from the CC family (characterized by a cys-cys sequence motif) and distinguished from a second chemokine family that features a cys-xxx-cys (CXC) motif (see 173460). They mapped 1 gene of the CC family (called NCC2 by them) to the cluster using a panel of somatic cell hybrids with known deletions. NCC2 was originally characterized as an expressed sequence tag (EST). The deduced order of genes from a YAC contig assembled for the region is: cen--NF1 (613113)--MCP3 (158106), MCP1 (158105), NCC1 (601391), I-309 (182281)--Y1741 breakpoint--RANTES (187011)--LD78-gamma, AT744.2 (603782), LD78-beta (601395)--NCC3 (601393), NCC2, AT744.1 (182284), LD78-alpha (182283)--NCC4 (601394)--RARA (180240)--tel.
Naruse, K., Ueno, M., Satoh, T., Nomiyama, H., Tei, H., Takeda, M., Ledbetter, D. H., Van Coillie, E., Opdenakker, G., Gunge, N., Sakaki, Y., Iio, M., Miura, R. A YAC contig of the human CC chemokine genes clustered on chromosome 17q11.2. Genomics 34: 236-240, 1996. [PubMed: 8661057] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1996.0274]
Schulz-Knappe, P., Magert, H.-J., Dewald, B., Meyer, M., Cetin, Y., Kubbies, M., Tomeczkowski, J., Kirchhoff, K., Raida, M., Adermann, K., Kist, A., Reinecke, M., Sillard, R., Pardigol, A., Uguccioni, M., Baggiolini, M., Forssmann, W.-G. HCC-1, a novel chemokine from human plasma. J. Exp. Med. 183: 295-299, 1996. [PubMed: 8551235] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.183.1.295]