Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: SFSWAP
Cytogenetic location: 12q24.33 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 12:131,711,090-131,799,738 (from NCBI)
Suppressor-of-white-apricot, a Drosophila splicing regulator, regulates the splicing of the white-apricot pre-mRNA by means of an insertion of the copia retrotransposon into the second intron of the white locus (Chou et al., 1987). Zachar et al. (1987) showed that suppressor-of-white-apricot also regulates its own splicing through inhibition of splicing of the first or second introns of the pre-mRNA.
Denhez and Lafyatis (1994) immunoscreened a human placenta cDNA lambda gt11 expression library using synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients. They cloned and characterized the human (HsSWAP) and mouse (MmSWAP) homologs of the suppressor-of-white-apricot gene, which was later identified as SFRS8. The human gene encodes a 951-amino acid polypeptide containing putative nuclear localization sequences, an arginine/serine-rich (R/S) domain, and 2 repeated modules, known as surp modules, which are homologous to regions in the constitutive splicing factor SPP91/PRP21 (see 605595). Denhez and Lafyatis (1994) found that the mammalian SWAP mRNAs are alternatively spliced at the same splice sites as suppressor-of-white-apricot, showing that SWAP expression is regulated, presumably autogenously, by control of splicing of the first 2 introns.
Sarkissian et al. (1996) showed that SWAP not only regulates its own splicing but also the splicing of fibronectin (135600) and CD45 (151460). Mutation analysis showed that splicing regulation requires the R/S domain, which is thought to bind to other R/S domains. Sarkissian et al. (1996) suggested that SWAP acts, at least in part, by interaction with other R/S-containing splicing factors.
Gross (2014) mapped the SFSWAP gene to chromosome 12q24.33 based on an alignment of the SFSWAP sequence (GenBank AB208921) with the genomic sequence (GRCh37).
Chou, T.-B, Zachar, Z., Bingham, P. M. Developmental expression of a regulatory gene is programmed at the level of splicing. EMBO J. 6: 4095-4104, 1987. [PubMed: 2832151] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02755.x]
Denhez, F., Lafyatis, R. Conservation of regulated alternative splicing and identification of functional domains in vertebrate homologs to the Drosophila splicing regulator, suppressor-of-white-apricot. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 16170-16179, 1994. [PubMed: 8206918]
Gross, M. B. Personal Communication. Baltimore, Md. 4/15/2014.
Sarkissian, M., Winne, A., Lafyatis, R. The mammalian homolog of suppressor-of-white-apricot regulates alternative mRNA splicing of CD45 exon 4 and fibronectin IIICS. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 31106-31114, 1996. [PubMed: 8940107] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.49.31106]
Zachar, Z., Chou, T.-B., Bingham, P. M. Evidence that a regulatory gene autoregulates splicing of its transcript. EMBO J. 6: 4105-4111, 1987. [PubMed: 3443103] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02756.x]