Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: TADA2A
Cytogenetic location: 17q12 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 17:37,406,886-37,479,725 (from NCBI)
TADA2A is a subunit of the ADA2A-containing (ATAC) histone acetyltransferase complex, which also includes either GCN5 (KAT2A; 602301) or PCAF (KAT2B; 602303) (Wang et al., 2008).
The ability of DNA-bound transcriptional activator proteins to enhance the initiation rate of RNA polymerase II-mediated gene transcription hinges on their potential to interact functionally with the general transcription machinery bound at the basal promoter. Candau et al. (1996) identified expressed sequence tags of possible human homologs of the yeast transcriptional activator proteins ADA2 and GCN5. Full-length cDNAs, designated TADA2L and GCN5L2 (KAT2A), were isolated from testis. The predicted 443-amino acid TADA2L protein is 31% identical to the yeast ADA2 protein.
Carter et al. (1997) found that TADA2L is transcribed to varying degrees in all tissue types, but most abundantly in testis. By RNase protection assay of several mouse tissues, Travers et al. (2005) found highest Tada2l expression in brain.
Candau et al. (1996) showed that TADA2L functioned as an adaptor in a human cell line.
Ogryzko et al. (1998) found that TADA2L is associated with the PCAF protein in the PCAF complex. Struhl and Moqtaderi (1998) reviewed the potential roles of the PCAF complex in transcription.
Using mass spectrometry, Wang et al. (2008) identified ADA2A as a subunit of the ADA2A-containing (ATAC) histone acetyltransferase complex. It did not purify with components of the SPT3 (SUPT3H; 602947)-TAF9 (600822)-GCN5/PCAF acetylase (STAGA) complex, which also includes GCN5 or PCAF.
Travers et al. (2005) determined that the TADA2L gene contains 17 principal exons and is oriented in a head-to-head fashion with the ACACA gene (200350). The intergenic region, which is embedded within a CpG island, contains 2 promoters and exon 1 of the TADA2L gene and the first promoter and exon 1 of the ACACA gene. The shared promoter contains an AP2 (107580) motif, but no TATA or CCAAT boxes. Travers et al. (2005) showed that the bidirectional promoter was functional, and it regulated transcription of the 2 genes in an asymmetric fashion in mouse and human tissues. Regulation occurred in the recruitment of RNA polymerase II (see 180660) to the promoter and possibly in the clearance of elongating complexes. Travers et al. (2005) found that activity of the second ACACA promoter, which is contained within ACACA exon 2, could also coordinate expression of TADA2L mRNA in human tissues.
By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Carter et al. (1997) mapped the TADA2L gene to 17q12-q21, proximal to GCN5L2.
Candau, R., Moore, P. A., Wang, L., Barlev, N., Ying, C. Y., Rosen, C. A., Berger, S. L. Identification of human proteins functionally conserved with the yeast putative adaptors ADA2 and GCN5. Molec. Cell. Biol. 16: 593-602, 1996. [PubMed: 8552087] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.16.2.593]
Carter, K. C., Wang, L., Shell, B. K., Zamir, I., Berger, S. L., Moore, P. A. The human transcriptional adaptor genes TADA2L and GCN5L2 colocalize to chromosome 17q12-q21 and display a similar tissue expression pattern. Genomics 40: 497-500, 1997. [PubMed: 9073520] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1996.4605]
Ogryzko, V. V., Kotani, T., Zhang, X., Schiltz, R. L., Howard, T., Yang, X.-J., Howard, B. H., Qin, J., Nakatani, Y. Histone-like TAFs within the PCAF histone acetylase complex. Cell 94: 35-44, 1998. [PubMed: 9674425] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81219-2]
Struhl, K., Moqtaderi, Z. The TAFs in the HAT. Cell 94: 1-4, 1998. [PubMed: 9674419] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81213-1]
Travers, M. T., Cambot, M., Kennedy, H. T., Lenoir, G. M., Barber, M. C., Joulin, V. Asymmetric expression of transcripts derived from the shared promoter between the divergently oriented ACACA and TADA2L genes. Genomics 85: 71-84, 2005. [PubMed: 15607423] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.10.001]
Wang, Y.-L., Faiola, F., Xu, M., Pan, S., Martinez, E. Human ATAC is a GCN5/PCAF-containing acetylase complex with a novel NC2-like histone fold module that interacts with the TATA-binding protein. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 33808-33815, 2008. [PubMed: 18838386] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M806936200]