Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: KLK10
Cytogenetic location: 19q13.41 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 19:51,012,739-51,020,097 (from NCBI)
KLK10 belongs to the kallikrein subfamily of serine proteases, which are involved in a variety of enzymatic processes (Gan et al., 2000).
PRSSL1 encodes a 30.14-kD secreted protein that shares 34 to 42% amino acid identity with several serine protease families (Liu et al., 1996). PRSSL1 is expressed in normal and immortalized nontumorigenic mammary epithelial cells but is reduced or absent in numerous human breast cancer cell lines. Thus, PRSSL1 may play a role in suppression of tumorigenesis.
By sequencing genomic clones covering the kallikrein gene cluster on chromosome 19, Gan et al. (2000) identified KLK10, which they called NES. The deduced 276-amino acid protein contains a putative signal peptide, followed by a short activating peptide and the protease domain, which includes the catalytic triad of his86, asp137, and ser229. KLK10 also contains 12 conserved cysteines in its protease domain that are expected to form 6 disulfide bonds, as in other serine proteases. RT-PCR detected variable levels of KLK10 expression in nearly all of the 35 adult and fetal tissues examined.
Elliott et al. (2006) determined that the KLK10 gene contains 6 exons, the first of which is noncoding.
By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Polikoff et al. (1997) mapped the PRSSL1 gene to 19q13.3. Loss of heterozygosity studies on gliomas showed frequent allelic loss and a commonly deleted region at 19q13.2-q13.4, suggesting the presence of a tumor suppressor gene.
By genomic sequence analysis, Gan et al. (2000) mapped the KLK10 gene within the KLK gene cluster on chromosome 19q13. This cluster includes 13 KLK genes and 5 pseudogenes.
Elliott, M. B., Irwin, D. M., Diamandis, E. P. In silico identification and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of multiple new mammalian kallikrein gene families. Genomics 88: 591-599, 2006. [PubMed: 16829021] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2006.06.001]
Gan, L., Lee, I., Smith, R., Argonza-Barrett, R., Lei, H., McCuaig, J., Moss, P., Paeper, B., Wang, K. Sequencing and expression analysis of the serine protease gene cluster located in chromosome 19q13 region. Gene 257: 119-130, 2000. [PubMed: 11054574] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1119(00)00382-6]
Liu, X.-L., Wazer, D. E., Watanabe, K., Band, V. Identification of a novel serine protease-like gene, the expression of which is down-regulated during breast cancer progression. Cancer Res. 56: 3371-3379, 1996. [PubMed: 8764136]
Polikoff, D., Kuo, W.-L., Cochran, J. F., Wernick, M., Kowbel, D., Myambo, K., Collins, C. C. Assignment of protease, serine-like 1 (PRSSL1) to human chromosome 19q13 by in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 79: 147-148, 1997. [PubMed: 9533035] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1159/000134705]